Solomonic · English (from Latin) · 17th c.; ed. 1904
The Lesser Key of Solomon, Book I: Ars Goetia
Anonymous; ed. S. L. MacGregor Mathers & A. E. Waite
The catalogue of seventy-two spirits, each with a rank, a count of legions, a seal and a list of offices. The single most influential demonological list in the Western tradition.
Read The Lesser Key of Solomon, Book I: Ars Goetia in full at the linked edition →Further reading
This text is the subject of a study computed from the corpus: how many of its seventy-two spirits are named in older texts, and how much older.
Hierarchies from this text
What this text attests · 72
| Name here | Rank given | # | Powers described |
|---|---|---|---|
| The King | 1 | Makes the operator go invisible. First and chief spirit, ruling in the East. | |
| The Duke | 2 | Teaches all languages, brings back those who have fled, causes earthquakes, and destroys dignities both temporal and spiritual. | |
| The Prince | 3 | Declares things past and to come, and discovers what is hidden or lost. | |
| The Marquis | 4 | Teaches all liberal sciences and gives account of the souls of those who died in sin. | |
| The President | 5 | Answers truly on hidden things, causes and cures diseases, teaches mechanical arts, and changes men into other shapes. | |
| The Duke | 6 | A good familiar, but tempts those he serves to steal until they are taken. | |
| The Marquis | 7 | Tells all things past and to come, procures feuds and reconciles controversies between friends. | |
| The Duke | 8 | Gives understanding of the song of birds and the voices of other creatures, discovers treasures hidden by enchantment, knows things past and to come, and reconciles friends. | |
| The King | 9 | Teaches all arts and sciences and all secret things, gives good familiars, and binds men to the operator's will. | |
| The President | 10 | Teaches moral and natural philosophy, logic, and the virtues of all herbs and plants; heals all distempers and gives good familiars. | |
| The Duke | 11 | Tells all things past, present and to come, shows the meaning of any question, reconciles friends, and gives honour and dignity. | |
| The Prince | 12 | Enflames men with women's love and women with men's, and causes them to show themselves naked. | |
| The King | 13 | Causes all the love that may be, both of men and of women, until the operator's desire is fulfilled. | |
| The Marquis | 14 | Causes great battles and contests, and makes wounds made with arrows to putrefy. | |
| The Duke | 15 | Discovers hidden things, knows things to come and the outcome of wars, and procures the favour of lords and knights. | |
| The Duke | 16 | Causes women to love men and brings them together; also makes them barren. | |
| The President and Earl | 17 | Tells all things past and to come, and reconciles friends and foes. | |
| The Duke | 18 | Knows the virtues of herbs and precious stones, and transports men suddenly from one country to another. | |
| The Duke | 19 | Causes the love of men and women. | |
| The King | 20 | Knows things hidden and can discover treasure, tells all things past, present and to come, and gives good familiars. | |
| The Earl and President | 21 | Teaches astronomy and all liberal sciences, gives good familiars, and knows the virtues of herbs and precious stones. | |
| The Earl and Prince | 22 | Knows all things past, present and to come, and makes men witty and bold. | |
| The Duke | 23 | Sets cities, castles and great places afire, makes men witty, and gives true answers on private matters. | |
| The Marquis | 24 | Makes men cunning in all arts and sciences, especially rhetoric, and restores lost dignities and honours. | |
| The President and Earl | 25 | Teaches all arts and sciences in an instant, is the author of bloodshed and manslaughter, tells all things past and to come, causes love, and makes men invisible. | |
| The Duke | 26 | Changes the place of the dead and causes spirits to gather on their sepulchres; gives riches, wisdom and eloquence, and answers truly. | |
| The Marquis and Earl | 27 | Teaches rhetoric well, gives good servants and the knowledge of tongues, and procures the favour of friends and foes. | |
| The Duke | 28 | Gives true answers of things past, present and to come; turns all metals into gold; gives dignities and confirms them. | |
| The Duke | 29 | Gives true answers of things past, present and to come, discovers all secrets, teaches the liberal sciences, and discourses willingly of the fall of spirits. | |
| The Marquis | 30 | Teaches rhetoric and all languages, gives men a good name, and makes them beloved by friends and foes alike. | |
| The President | 31 | Teaches the virtues of herbs and precious stones, logic and ethics; makes men invisible, witty and eloquent; discovers treasures and recovers lost things; gives long life. | |
| The King | 32 | Gives the ring of virtues; teaches arithmetic, astronomy, geometry and all handicrafts; answers truly and fully on all things; makes men invisible; shows the place of treasures and guards them. | |
| The President and Prince | 33 | Makes men insensible or ignorant, teaches philosophy and the liberal sciences, causes love and hatred, and carries men swiftly from kingdom to kingdom. | |
| The Earl | 34 | Causes love between man and wife, raises thunder, lightning, blasts and great tempestuous winds, and gives true answers of divine and secret things. | |
| The Marquis | 35 | A strong fighter who gives true answers to all questions; told Solomon he hoped to return to the seventh throne after twelve hundred years. | |
| The Prince | 36 | Teaches astronomy and the virtues of herbs and precious stones. | |
| The Marquis | 37 | A marvellous poet who will fulfil commands willingly, and gives good answers on all sciences. | |
| The Earl | 38 | Builds towers and fills them with ammunition and weapons, and sends men of war to appointed places. | |
| The President | 39 | Builds houses and high towers, brings artificers together, destroys enemies' desires and thoughts, and gives good familiars. | |
| The Earl | 40 | Steals treasure out of kings' houses and carries it where bidden, destroys cities and the dignities of men, tells all things past, present and to come, and causes love between friends and foes. | |
| The Duke | 41 | Slays men and drowns them, and overthrows ships of war; has power over the winds and the sea, but will not hurt any if commanded otherwise. | |
| The Duke | 42 | Guides the waters and guides armed ships laden with weapons; causes the seas to be rough and stormy, and makes men die within three days of wounds that putrefy with worms. | |
| The Marquis | 43 | Builds high towers, castles and cities and furnishes them with armour; afflicts men for days with wounds and sores full of worms; gives good familiars. | |
| The Marquis | 44 | Takes away sight, hearing and understanding; steals money out of kings' houses and carries it back after twelve hundred years; discovers hidden things not kept by wicked spirits. | |
| The King and Earl | 45 | Discovers hidden things, witches and wizards; knows things past, present and to come; builds towers, throws down great stone walls, and makes the waters rough with storms. | |
| The Earl | 46 | Teaches astrology, geometry and other arts and sciences; the virtues of herbs, precious stones and woods; changes dead bodies from place to place and lights seeming candles upon graves. | |
| The Duke | 47 | Procures the love of women, tells things past, present and to come, and procures friendship between friends and foes. | |
| The President | 48 | Makes men wise and instructs them in every matter, transmutes all metals into gold, and changes wine into water and water into wine. | |
| The Duke | 49 | Teaches geometry and the liberal sciences, makes a great noise like the rushing of many waters, warms waters and discovers baths. | |
| The Knight | 50 | Teaches philosophy, astrology, rhetoric, logic, chiromancy and pyromancy perfectly. | |
| The King | 51 | Gives true answers of things past, present and to come, makes men invisible, and gives them wit. | |
| The Duke | 52 | Teaches astronomy and all the liberal sciences, and gives good familiars. | |
| The President | 53 | Gives men the understanding of the voices of birds, oxen, dogs and the sound of waters, and gives true answers of things to come. | |
| The Duke and Earl | 54 | Teaches philosophy perfectly and constrains the souls of the dead to appear and answer. | |
| The Prince | 55 | Discovers all things past, present and to come; gives dignities and prelacies and the favour of friends and foes; discourses of divinity and the creation of the world. | |
| The Duke | 56 | Tells of things past, present and to come, and of hidden treasures; procures the love of women, young and old alike. | |
| The President | 57 | Makes men skilful in the liberal sciences, gives true answers of divine and secret things, and transforms a man into any shape — so that he believes himself to be that thing. | |
| The President | 58 | Teaches astrology and the liberal sciences, gives good familiars, and discovers treasures kept by spirits. | |
| The Marquis | 59 | Teaches the virtues of the stars and the mansions of the planets, transforms men, and gives dignities and the favour of friends and foes. | |
| The Duke | 60 | Makes men knowing in all handicrafts and professions, and in philosophy and the sciences. | |
| The King and President | 61 | Makes men witty; turns wine into water, blood into wine and water into wine; turns metals into coin; and makes fools wise. | |
| The President | 62 | Gives true answers of hidden treasures, and tells where serpents may be seen — delivering them to the operator without strength or force. | |
| The Marquis | 63 | Sows discord. The Goetia warns that if the operator is not careful, Andras will slay him and his assistants. | |
| The Duke | 64 | Gives true answers of things past, present and to come; burns and destroys the operator's enemies; discourses of divinity, the creation of the world, and his own fall. | |
| The Marquis | 65 | Teaches geometry and all measurement perfectly, makes men subtle in astronomy, and transforms a man into the likeness of a bird. | |
| The Marquis | 66 | Teaches grammar, logic and rhetoric; discovers lost and hidden treasures; makes men valiant in war; and rules over all the spirits of Africa. | |
| The Duke | 67 | Causes music to be heard, makes trees bend and incline at the operator's will, and gives excellent familiars. | |
| The King | 68 | Distributes presentations, senatorships and other dignities; causes favour of friends and foes; and gives excellent familiars. | |
| The Marquis | 69 | Knows the virtues of all birds and precious stones, and makes birds fly before the operator and remain with him, singing and drinking as natural birds do. | |
| The Prince | 70 | Goes and comes in the twinkling of an eye, brings abundance of all things, carries goods where bidden, and discovers thefts and hidden treasures. Of a good nature and willing to do the operator's will. | |
| The Duke | 71 | Teaches all arts and sciences; declares the secret counsel of any person, for he knows the thoughts of all and can change them; causes love and shows the likeness of any person wherever they are. | |
| The Earl | 72 | Brings back a thief and the stolen goods, discovers wickedness and underhand dealing, punishes thieves and all wicked persons, and discovers hidden treasures. |
What does it actually say?
The passages themselves, as this text gives them. Read them against what the other texts here say about the same figures — that comparison is the point.
“The First Principal Spirit is a King ruling in the East, called Bael. He maketh thee to go Invisible.”
“The Second Spirit is a Duke called Agreas, or Agares. He is under the Power of the East, and cometh up in the form of an old fair Man, riding upon a Crocodile, carrying a Goshawk upon his fist, and yet mild in appearance.”
“The Third Spirit is a Mighty Prince, being of the same nature as Agares. He is called Vassago.”
“The Fourth Spirit is Samigina, a Great Marquis. He appeareth in the form of a little Horse or Ass, and then into Human shape doth he change himself at the request of the Master.”
“The fifth Spirit is Marbas. He is a Great President, and appeareth at first in the form of a Great Lion, but afterwards, at the request of the Master, he putteth on Human Shape.”
“The Sixth Spirit is Valefor. He is a mighty Duke, and appeareth in the shape of a Lion with an Ass's Head, bellowing.”
“The Seventh Spirit is Amon. He is a Marquis great in power, and most stern.”
“The Eighth Spirit is Barbatos. He is a Great Duke, and appeareth when the Sun is in Sagittary,with four noble Kings and their companies of great troops.”
“The Ninth Spirit in this Order is Paimon, a Great King, and very obedient unto LUCIFER. He appeareth in the form of a Man sitting upon a Dromedary with a Crown most glorious upon his head.”
“The Tenth Spirit is Buer, a Great President. He appeareth in Sagittary, and that is his shape when the Sun is there.”
“The Eleventh Spirit in order is a great and strong Duke, called Gusion. He appeareth like a Xenopilus.”
“The Twelfth Spirit is Sitri. He is a Great Prince and appeareth at first with a Leopard's head and the Wings of a Gryphon, but after the command of the Master of the Exorcism he putteth on Human shape, and that very beautiful.”
“The Thirteenth Spirit is called Beleth (or Bileth, or Bilet). He is a mighty King and terrible.”
“The Fourteenth Spirit is called Leraje (or Leraie). He is a Marquis Great in Power, showing himself in the likeness of an Archer clad in Green, and carrying a Bow and Quiver.”
“The Fifteenth Spirit in Order is Eligos, a Great Duke, and appeareth in the form of a goodly Knight, carrying a Lance, an Ensign, and a Serpent.”
“The Sixteenth Spirit is Zepar. He is a Great Duke, and appeareth in Red Apparel and Armour, like a Soldier.”
“The Seventeenth Spirit is Botis, a Great President, and an Earl.”
“The Eighteenth Spirit is Bathin. He is a Mighty and Strong Duke, and appeareth like a Strong Man with the tail of a Serpent, sitting upon a Pale-Coloured Horse.”
“The Nineteenth Spirit is Sallos (or Saleos). He is a Great and Mighty Duke, and appeareth in the form of a gallant Soldier riding on a Crocodile, with a Ducal Crown on his head, but peaceably.”
“The Twentieth Spirit is Purson, a Great King. His appearance is comely, like a Man with a Lion's face, carrying a cruel Viper in his hand, and riding upon a Bear.”
“The Twenty-first Spirit is Marax. 1 He is a Great Earl and President. He appeareth like a great Bull with a Man's face.”
“The Twenty-second Spirit is Ipos. He is an Earl, and a Mighty Prince, and appeareth in the form of an Angel with a Lion's Head, and a Goose's Foot, and Hare's Tail.”
“The Twenty-third Spirit is Aim. He is a Great Strong Duke.”
“The Twenty-fourth Spirit is Naberius. He is a most valiant Marquis, and showeth in the form of a Black Crane, fluttering about the Circle, and when he speaketh it is with a hoarse voice.”
“The Twenty-fifth Spirit is Glasya-Labolas. He is a Mighty President and Earl, and showeth himself in the form of a Dog with Wings like a Gryphon.”
“The Twenty-sixth Spirit is Buné (or Bim). He is a Strong, Great and Mighty Duke. He appeareth in the form of a Dragon with three heads, one like a Dog, one like a Gryphon, and one like a Man.”
“The Twenty-seventh Spirit is Ronové. He appeareth in the Form of a Monster. He teacheth the Art of Rhetoric very well and giveth Good Servants, Knowledge of Tongues, and Favours with Friends or Foes.”
“The Twenty-eighth Spirit in Order, as Solomon bound them, is named Berith. He is a Mighty, Great, and Terrible Duke.”
“The Twenty. --ninth Spirit is Astaroth. He is a Mighty, Strong Duke, and appeareth in the Form of an hurtful Angel riding on an Infernal Beast like a Dragon, and carrying in his right hand a Viper.”
“The Thirtieth Spirit is Forneus. He is a Mighty and Great Marquis, and appeareth in the Form of a Great Sea-Monster.”
“The Thirty-first Spirit is Foras. He is a Mighty President, and appeareth in the Form of a Strong Man in Human Shape.”
“The Thirty-second Spirit is Asmoday, or Asmodai. He is a Great King, Strong, and Powerful.”
“The Thirty-third Spirit is Gaap. He is a Great President and a Mighty Prince.”
“The Thirty-fourth Spirit is Furfur. He is a Great and Mighty Earl, appearing in the Form of an Hart with a Fiery Tail.”
“The Thirty-fifth Spirit is Marchosias. He is a Great and Mighty Marquis, appearing at first in the Form of a Wolf 1 having Gryphon's Wings, and a Serpent's Tail, and Vomiting Fire out of his mouth.”
“The Thirty-sixth Spirit is Stolas, or Stolos. He is a Great and Powerful Prince, appearing in the Shape of a Mighty Raven at first before the Exorcist; but after he taketh the image of a Man.”
“The Thirty-Seventh Spirit is Phenex (or Pheynix). He is a great Marquis, and appeareth like the Bird Phoenix, having the Voice of a Child.”
“The Thirty-eighth Spirit is Halphas, or Malthous (or Malthas). He is a Great Earl, and appeareth in the Form of a Stock-Dove.”
“The Thirty-ninth Spirit is Malphas. He appeareth at first like a Crow, but after he will put on Human Shape at the request of the Exorcist, and speak with a hoarse Voice.”
“The Fortieth Spirit is Räum. He is a Great Earl; and appeareth at first in the Form of a Crow, but after the Command of the Exorcist he putteth on Human Shape.”
“The Forty-first Spirit is Focalor, or Forcalor, or Furcalor. He is a Mighty Duke and Strong.”
“The Forty-second Spirit is Vepar, or Vephar. He is a Duke Great and Strong and appeareth like a Mermaid.”
“The Forty-third Spirit, as King Solomon commanded them into the Vessel of Brass, is called Sabnock, or Savnok.”
“The Forty-fifth Spirit is Viné, or Vinea. He is a Great King, and an Earl; and appeareth in the Form of a Lion, 1 riding upon a Black Horse, and bearing a Viper in his hand.”
“The Forty-sixth Spirit is called Bifrons, or Bifröus, or Bifrovs. He is an Earl, and appeareth in the Form of a Monster; but after a while, at the Command of the Exorcist, he putteth on the shape of a Man.”
“The Forty-seventh Spirit Uvall, or Vual, or Voval.”
“The Forty-eighth Spirit is Haagenti. He is a President, appearing in the Form of a Mighty Bull with Gryphon's Wings.”
“The Forty-ninth Spirit is Crocell, or Crokel. He appeareth in the Form of an Angel. He is a Duke Great and Strong, speaking something Mystically of Hidden Things.”
“The Fiftieth Spirit is Furcas. He is a Knight, and appeareth in the Form of a Cruel Old Man with a long Beard and a hoary Head, riding upon a pale-coloured Horse, with a Sharp Weapon in his hand.”
“The Fifty-first Spirit is Balam or Balaam. He is a Terrible, Great, and Powerful King. He appeareth with three Heads: the first is like that of a Bull; the second is like that of a Man; the third is like that of a Ram.”
“The Fifty-third Spirit is Camio, or Caim. He is a Great President, and appeareth in the Form of the Bird called a Thrush at first, but afterwards he putteth on the Shape of a Man carrying in his Hand a Sharp Sword.”
“The Fifty-fourth Spirit is called Murmur, or Murmus, or Murmux. He is a Great Duke, and an Earl; and appeareth in the Form of a Warrior riding upon a Gryphon, with a Ducal Crown upon his Head.”
“The Fifty-fifth Spirit is Orobas. He is a great and Mighty Prince, appearing at first like a Horse; but after the command of the Exorcist he putteth on the Image of a Man.”
“The Fifty-sixth Spirit is Gremory, or Gamori. He is a Duke Strong and Powerful, and appeareth in the Form of a Beautiful Woman, with a Duchess's Crown tied about her waist, and riding on a Great Camel.”
“The Fifty-seventh Spirit is Oso, Osé, or Voso. He is a Great President, and appeareth like a Leopard at the first, but after a little time he putteth on the Shape of a Man.”
“The Fifty-eighth Spirit is Amy, or Avnas. He is a Great President, and appeareth at first in the Form of a Flaming Fire; but after a while he putteth on the Shape of a Man.”
“The Fifty-ninth Spirit is Oriax, or Orias. He is a Great Marquis, and appeareth in the Form of a Lion, 3 riding upon a Horse Mighty and Strong, with a Serpent's Tail; 4 and he holdeth in his Right Hand two Great Serpents hissing.”
“The Sixtieth Spirit is Vapula, or Naphula. He is a Duke Great, Mighty, and Strong; appearing in the Form of a Lion with Gryphon's Wings.”
“The Sixty-first Spirit is Zagan. He is a Great King and President, appearing at first in the Form of a Bull with Gryphon's Wings; but after a while he putteth on Human Shape.”
“The Sixty-second Spirit is Volac, or Valak, or Valu. He is a President Mighty and Great, and appeareth like a Child with Angel's Wings, riding on a Two-headed Dragon.”
“The Sixty-third Spirit is Andras. He is a Great Marquis, appearing in the Form of an Angel with a Head like a Black Night Raven, riding upon a strong Black Wolf, and having a Sharp and Bright Sword flourished aloft in his hand.”
“The Sixty-fourth Spirit is Haures, or Hauras, or Havres, or Flauros.”
“The Sixty-fifth Spirit is Andrealphus. He is a Mighty Marquis, appearing at first in the form of a Peacock, with great Noises.”
“The Sixty-sixth Spirit is Cimejes, or Cimeies, or Kimaris. He is a Marquis, Mighty, Great, Strong and Powerful, appearing like a Valiant Warrior riding upon a goodly Black Horse.”
“The Sixty-seventh Spirit is Amdusias, or Amdukias.”
“The Sixty-eighth Spirit is Belial. He is a Mighty and a Powerful King, and was created next after LUCIFER.”
“The Sixty-ninth Spirit is Decarabia. He appeareth in the Form of a Star in a Pentacle, at first; but after, at the command of the Exorcist, he putteth on the image of a Man.”
“The Seventieth Spirit is Seere, Sear, or Seir. He is a Mighty Prince, and Powerful, under AMAYMON, King of the East.”
“The Seventy-first Spirit is Dantalion. He is a Duke Great and Mighty, appearing in the Form of a Man with many Countenances, all Men's and Women's Faces; and he hath a Book in his right hand.”
“The Seventy-second Spirit in Order is named Andromalius. He is an Earl, Great and Mighty, appearing in the Form of a Man holding a Great Serpent in his Hand.”