ColossiansOne

Demonic · Goetic Spirit · c. 1300 BCE

Astaroth

Also called Astarot, Ashtoreth

The Canaanite goddess Astarte, three thousand years on, made a male duke of hell with her name intact. The Goetia has him discourse willingly on the fall of the spirits, and warns the operator to hold a ring to his face against the stench of his breath.

Historical depiction of Astaroth — M. Jarrault — J.A.S. Collin de Plancy, Dictionnaire Infernal, online at http://www.lucifer.tw/fantasy/artist/devil/plancy.htm; http://fantastic.library.cornell.edu/imagerecord.php?record=293
Public domain · M. Jarrault · Wikimedia Commons file page
100attested

Deep source base

Form. A hurtful angel riding an infernal dragon, bearing a viper in his right hand; his breath is foul.

Offices. Gives true answers of things past, present and to come, discovers all secrets, teaches the liberal sciences, and discourses willingly of the fall of spirits.

Note. The Goetia instructs the operator to hold a magical ring before the face, as Astaroth's breath is noxious.

Identity

Where does the name come from?

Where it was actually worshipped

None. Astarte, whom he is a masculinised demotion of, held Sidon, Tyre, Byblos and Paphos; the change of sex and the loss of every temple happen together.

A figure with temples and a figure that only ever existed on a page are different kinds of thing, and the difference is easy to lose once both are entries in a list.

At a glance

Vitals

Vitals

Also known as

AstarotAshtoreth
Named there as
Athtart
Rank
Duke
Order
Goetic Spirit
Base of operations
None. Astarte, whom he is a masculinised demotion of, held Sidon, Tyre, Byblos and Paphos; the change of sex and the loss of every temple happen together.
Era
c. 1300 BCE
Traditions
Solomonic, Folk & Demonological

Traits

Traditional form
A hurtful angel riding an infernal dragon, bearing a viper in his right hand; his breath is foul.
Goetic rank
Duke

Stats

Source base100/100
Legions commanded40
Position in the Goetia29 of 72
Texts naming it6
Powers attributed5

Known connections

Chain of command

Identified with

5 attributed

What is it said to do?

Where these powers cluster

The 5 offices attributed to Astaroth, grouped by kind. Segment width is the share of powers falling in each category.

A bar dominated by one colour means a specialist; an even spread means a figure the sources credit with almost anything.

  • knowledge1
  • divination3
  • martial1

1 mark

Which marks is it attached to?

A mark a figure carries and a mark used against a figure are opposite claims, so each link says which it is.

6 texts

Which texts say so, and where do they disagree?

When these texts were written

Each dot is one of the 6 texts that names Astaroth, placed at that text's approximate date.

A wide spread means the figure was carried across many centuries and traditions; a tight cluster means a single period produced the whole record.

6 texts spanning roughly 3,204 years

Where the texts differ

  • Name: given as Athtart, Ashtoreth, Astaroth
  • Rank: given as Goddess of love and war; Abomination of the Zidonians; Duke; Prince of Accusers; Grand Duke of Hell; The Duke
  • Position in list: 28, 29 depending on the text
AthtartGoddess of love and war

A major deity of the Ugaritic pantheon, three millennia before the Goetia makes her a male duke.

AshtorethAbomination of the Zidonians

The goddess Astarte, her name given the vowels of bosheth, 'shame'.

AstarothDuke#28

Weyer lists this spirit 28th of his sixty-nine, with substantially the same offices. His order is not the Goetia's — the two texts arrange the same spirits quite differently.

AstarothPrince of Accusers

Heads Barrett's eighth infernal order, opposed to the Archangels.

Dictionnaire Infernal1818; illustrated ed. 1863
AstarothGrand Duke of Hell

Third in the infernal court after Lucifer and Beelzebub.

Astaroth, grand-duc très-puissant aux enfers. Il a la figure d’un ange fort laid, et se montre chevauchant sur un dragon infernal ; il tient à la Astaroth main gauche une vipère.Astaroth, a most powerful grand duke in the underworld. He has the face of a very ugly angel, and shows himself riding upon an infernal dragon; in his left hand he holds a viper. — translated for ColossiansOne
AstarothThe Duke#29

Gives true answers of things past, present and to come, discovers all secrets, teaches the liberal sciences, and discourses willingly of the fall of spirits.

The Twenty. --ninth Spirit is Astaroth. He is a Mighty, Strong Duke, and appeareth in the Form of an hurtful Angel riding on an Infernal Beast like a Dragon, and carrying in his right hand a Viper.

Connections

What is it connected to?

Placement

Where does it sit in the hierarchies?

Answered from the sources

Common questions

Which texts mention Astaroth?

ColossiansOne records 6 texts naming Astaroth: The Baal Cycle (Ugaritic Tablets), Hebrew Bible & Deuterocanon, Pseudomonarchia Daemonum and The Magus, or Celestial Intelligencer, and 2 more. The earliest is The Baal Cycle (Ugaritic Tablets) (c. 1400-1200 BCE), which gives the name as Athtart.

Is Astaroth the same as Astarte?

ColossiansOne records the link as "derived from" rather than as simple identity. Ashtoreth — the goddess's consonants with the vowels of bosheth, 'shame' — becomes a male duke of hell. Where texts disagree about whether two names denote one figure, the disagreement is shown rather than resolved.

What rank is Astaroth?

The texts do not agree. Astaroth is given as Goddess of love and war, Abomination of the Zidonians, Duke, Prince of Accusers, Grand Duke of Hell and The Duke depending on which source is consulted, which is normal for figures that pass through several traditions — each one assigns a rank from its own system rather than inheriting one.

How else is Astaroth spelled?

The name appears as Athtart, Ashtoreth and Astarot. Variation on this scale is the norm: these names cross Ugaritic, Hebrew, Greek, Latin and vernacular transmission, and each step reshapes the spelling. Every profile records the name as each text gives it.

What is Astaroth said to do?

The sources credit Astaroth with 5 distinct powers or offices, including Teaches the Liberal Sciences, Reveals Past, Present & Future, Discovers Hidden Things, Reveals Divine Secrets and Commands Legions. Each is attributed on the profile to the text that claims it. ColossiansOne describes what the texts say; it does not endorse the claims or reproduce them as instruction.

How old is Astaroth?

The earliest attestation in this corpus dates to c. 1300 BCE. That is when the name first appears in a surviving text, which is a lower bound rather than an origin — a figure known from three tablets was probably named in many more that did not survive. Astaroth is classified as infernal in ColossiansOne.

Nearest in the corpus

If Astaroth is what you came for, these are next

Chosen by proximity rather than by popularity: the same pantheon first, then the same rank, then the same kind of figure.

Historical depiction of Agares, Duke demonic

Agares

Duke · Goetic Spirit

24

An old man riding a crocodile with a goshawk on his fist, credited with teaching every language and with hauling back anyone who has fled. The same entry has him causing earthquakes and stripping men of office, temporal and spiritual alike.

Infernalc. 1577 CE31 legions
2 sources4 powers

Aim

Duke · Goetic Spirit

24

The book's arsonist: cities, castles and great houses set alight, by a three-headed spirit carrying a firebrand and riding a viper. The same entry has him making men clever and answering truly on private matters.

Infernalc. 1577 CE26 legions
2 sources4 powers
Historical depiction of Allocer, Duke demonic

Allocer

Duke · Goetic Spirit

24

Speaks loudly and hoarsely from a great horse, red-faced and flaming-eyed like a lion — an alarming delivery for a spirit whose subjects are astronomy and the liberal sciences.

Infernalc. 1577 CE36 legions
2 sources4 powers

Amdusias

Duke · Goetic Spirit

24

Preceded by trumpets and every kind of instrument playing with nobody visible to play them — one of the more theatrical entrances in the Ars Goetia. He makes music heard where he goes, bends trees to the operator's will, and gives excellent familiars.

Infernalc. 1577 CE29 legions
2 sources3 powers

Barbatos

Duke · Goetic Spirit

24

Comes only while the Sun stands in Sagittarius, and comes with four kings and their companies behind him. What he gives is comprehension: the song of birds, the voices of other creatures, and treasure hidden by enchantment rather than by hand.

Infernalc. 1577 CE30 legions
2 sources5 powers

Bathin

Duke · Goetic Spirit

24

Moves people bodily from one country to another without warning, and knows the virtues of herbs and precious stones. He rides a pale horse in the shape of a strong man with a serpent's tail.

Infernalc. 1577 CE30 legions
2 sources3 powers

The books behind Astaroth

Every claim on this profile is attributed to one of these. They are public domain, listed oldest first, and each links to a full text where one is freely available.

Corpus last revised 29 August 2026. A reference site’s credibility rests on being maintained, so this is the date the sourced records last changed — not the date the page was rebuilt.